Ronald Anthony Parise, Ph.D. was an American scientist and NASA astronaut and who flew aboard two NASA Space Shuttle missions as a payload specialist.

Parise was born in Warren, Ohio to Henry and Catherine Parise. By age 11, he became a licensed radio operator. In his teens, he developed an interest in astronomy and aviation and became a pilot. He attended Western Reserve High School in Warren, graduating in 1969 before attending Youngstown State University. In 1973, he obtained a bachelor of science degree in physics, with minors in mathematics, astronomy, and geology. He went on to receive a master's in 1977 and a PhD in 1979 from the University of Florida, both in astronomy. He and his wife Cecelia Sokol Parise had two children.

Parise died from a brain tumor on Friday, May 9, 2008 at the age of 56.